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The Authority of Humility

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“When we see that humility is something infinitely deeper than contrition and accept it as our participation in the life of Jesus, we shall begin to learn that it is our true nobility, and that to prove it in being servants of all is the highest fulfillment of our destiny, as men created in the image of God.”

This is a quote from Andrew Murray and his book “Humility” and it captures the essence of the importance of humility. It means that humility is not just a critical part of our relationship with Jesus, but also the foundation of our relationship to others. Peter strongly encourages every believer to “clothe yourselves with humility toward one another” (1 Peter 5:5) since God is watching and “gives grace to the humble.” So what is humility?

Humility is the quality of being humble. Dictionary definitions accentuate humility as a low self-regard and sense of unworthiness. In a religious context, humility can mean a recognition of self in relation to God. Outside of a religious context, humility is defined as being “unselved”, a liberation from consciousness of self and a form of temperance that is neither having pride nor indulging in self-deprecation. It is defined most clearly in relation to Jesus, found in Philippians 2. In verses 3-5, “Do nothing from selfishness or empty conceit, but with humility of mind regard one another as more important than yourselves; do not merely look out for your own personal interests, but also for the interests of others. Have this attitude in yourselves which was also in Christ Jesus”. This kind of humility, exemplified by Jesus’s public ministry, is motivated by a self-sacrificing love.

God does the exalting

The Father honors those who operate in humility. Proverbs 22:4 says, “The reward of humility and the fear of the Lord are riches, honor and life.” In fact, He says that the humility of Jesus will be highly exalted, the Father bestowing on Him the name which is above every name (Philippians 2:9-11). The truth is it is best when the Father is the one who does the exalting which takes the pressure off the individual. Consider, 1 Peter 5:6, “Therefore humble yourselves under the mighty hand of God, that He may exalt you at the proper time.” The contrast spoken of here is that the believer humbles himself, to be brought low and God will do the exalting, the lifting up. This is one way that God gets the glory in any situation.

There is the story of a Roman centurion who came to Jesus asking for his servant to be healed in Matthew 8:5-10. This soldier, not a Jew, said to Jesus, “Lord, I am not worthy for You to come under my roof, but just say the word, and my servant will be healed.” Then he explained to Jesus what he was thinking, “For I also am a man under authority, with soldiers under me; and I say to this one, ‘Go!’ and he goes, and to another, ‘Come!’ and he comes, and to my slave, ‘Do this!’ and he does it.” This man, like many in military service, understood authority. This non-Jew recognized the authority of Jesus and that when He spoke the healing of the servant, that was sufficient. Jesus acknowledged this centurion’s recognition of God’s authority when He said, “Truly I say to you, I have not found such great faith with anyone in Israel.” The believer’s faith demands that he wait for God to bring about His will in any given situation and the result will be greater than anything man can accomplish. In Psalm 27:14, “Wait for the Lord; be strong and let your heart take courage; yes, wait for the Lord.

Moses and Paul

Let’s look at a couple of examples of this kind of humility in Scripture. Moses has spent forty years in the backside of the desert after running for his life and then God starts speaking to him through a burning bush (Exodus 3). God would use this man, Moses to lead His people from their bondage in Egypt into the land promised to Abraham. Why Moses? Numbers 12:3 gives the answer, “(Now the man Moses was very humble, more than any man who was on the face of the earth.)” Moses would be able to speak with God’s authority because of his humility. It was in this environment that the Lord gave Moses authority to confront Pharaoh and lead His people. In Exodus 4:1-5, the Lord changed the staff Moses had in his hand into a serpent and then back to a staff. He was proving to Moses that Moses would speak with His authority, as He says in verse 5, “that they may believe that the Lord, the God of their fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, has appeared to you.”

Another example is the Apostle Paul. In 1 Corinthians 2:1-5, Paul’s testimony is that “And when I came to you, brethren, I did not come with superiority of speech or of wisdom, proclaiming to you the testimony of God. For I determined to know nothing among you except Jesus Christ, and Him crucified. I was with you in weakness and in fear and in much trembling, and my message and my preaching were not in persuasive words of wisdom, but in demonstration of the Spirit and of power, so that your faith would not rest on the wisdom of men, but on the power of God.” Paul came to the conclusion that for him to fulfill the call of God on his life, it would only happen when he acknowledged his weakness before God in humility so that God would be strong in his weakness (see 2 Corinthians 12:9-10). The demonstration of God’s power, God’s ability, and God’s authority would cause men to put their faith in God and not man. The humility of man is the doorway into the authority of God.

A bag of chickens becomes a herd of goats

A story is told about a great sage, Rabbi Chanina Ben Dosa, who lived in the Galilee about two thousand years ago. Rabbi Chanina was known for his saintliness and also for his extreme poverty. One day, a merchant was on his way to the market when he put down his bag of chickens next to a dilapidated house and went through the neighborhood in search of some food. The man got his food, but then he couldn’t find the house where he had left his chickens. That night, Rabbi Chanina’s wife heard the chickens and brought them into her home.

To make a long story short, Rabbi Chanina and his family cared for the chickens, awaiting the return of their owner, for many years. During that time, the chickens laid many eggs. Rabbi Chanina could not afford eggs, and here his whole yard was covered in them! But he would not touch them because they were not his. Those eggs became more chickens, and soon there were so many chickens that Rabbi Chanina had to trade them in for goats, which became more goats, until there was a large herd.

One day, a man was walking by Rabbi Chanina’s house and said, “That’s the house! That’s where I lost my chickens many years ago!” Rabbi Chanina heard the man’s words and quickly opened the door. “If you are the man who left chickens here, I have something to show you…” And with that Rabbi Chanina gave the man a small fortune, an entire herd of goats!

This rabbi recognized through his poverty (humility) not to accept anything that did not belong to him, but became a steward of it, accountable to God for it. In this way, the bag of chickens was multiplied into a herd of goats. This principle can apply to many different aspects of life, but it basically means that when the believer waits for God to give something, it will be that much greater than when he takes that thing for himself. When God gets the glory due Him, the believer gets exalted.

The Great Commission

Jesus commended His authority to His disciples just before His ascension in Matthew 28:18-20 when He said, “All authority has been given to Me in heaven and on earth. Go therefore and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all that I commanded you; and lo, I am with you always, even to the end of the age.” When the disciple goes in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, he goes under the authority of the Trinity to accomplish the Great Commission, that all nations would hear the Gospel and become disciples, revealing the authority of humility.

A Sin List for Confession

The following is a list of sins that can be used when walking someone through a confession session. Leading someone in confession is appropriate when that person is seeking forgiveness (general repentance) in order to make the way clear for healing or when an individual is approaching baptism. Burning this list once talked through can be a nice way to close a confession session, laying the past to rest.

REBELLION

Rioting / Treason
Seditions: Stirring up opposition against authority
Murmuring / Grumbling / Complaining
Wickedness: Evil practices, crime
Witchcraft / Sorcery (practicing magic with aid from evil spirits)
Astrology (Deuteronomy 4:19; 17:3-7; Isaiah 47:13,14; Acts 7:42; Ezekiel 8:16, Deuteronomy 17:7)
Hating God
Speaking Against the Holy Spirit
Disobedience to Parents / Disobedience to God
Divisions: Forming splits or schisms in groups
Divorce / Covenant-Breaking
Having Evil Treasures in the Heart
Having Pleasure in Them That Do Things Worthy of Death: Enjoying the company of sinners
Evil Thoughts: Mentally pursuing worthless, injurious, or depraved thoughts
Unthankfulness
Not Entering by the Door Into the Sheepfold: Seeking salvation through means other than the blood of Christ
False Teaching / Heresy / Teaching the Traditions of Men as Doctrine
Eating the Bread, or Drinking The Lord’s Cup Unworthily
Becoming a Stumbling Block: Causing another to fall spiritually by our example
Swearing: To take oath (as in court)
Speaking Evil of Dignities: Speaking ill of those to be honored
Blasphemy

SLOTH & PASSIVITY

Laziness
Knowing to Do Good, but Refusing to Do It
Hearing the Sayings of Christ, but Not Following Them
Burying Skills, Talents & Resources: Not making wise use of what God gave us

FEAR & TIMIDITY

Discouragement
Anxiety
Unbelief / Faithlessness
Timidity: Afraid of people or circumstances (Psalms 112:7)
Denying Christ: Afraid to confess Jesus to people (John 12:42)

UNFORGIVENESS

Unforgiving Heart
Hard-heartedness (without normal affection)
Unmerciful
Stiff-Necked and Uncircumcised in Hearts and Ears / Obstinate / Stubborn

IDOLATRY & PRIDE

Idolatry: Loving someone or something more than God or Jesus
Lovers of Self
False Humility
Self-Will
Self-Esteem
Puffed Up: Overestimating your ability or knowledge
Desiring the Praise of Men: Doing things to gain praise
High-mindedness / Arrogance / Boasting
Hypocrisy
Fault-Finding
Emulations: Ambition to surpass someone else

LUST & GLUTTONY

Wantonness: Lustful, morally unrestrained
Inordinate Affection: Passion, lust
Reveling: Overindulgence at feasts, merrymaking
Banqueting: A drinking party
Drunkenness
Defiling the Body / Abusers of Self: Self-polluters, having unnatural lusts
Adultery
Fornication / Chambering: Unmarried people living and sleeping together
Homosexuality / Effeminate: Unmanly or womanish man
Rape / Incest / Bestiality
Inventors of Evil Things: Those who contrive evil ways to satisfy their carnal lusts
Whoremongers: Associates with whores

GREED & ENVY

Filthy Lucre: Receiving personal gain through unrighteousness
Trusting in Riches
Laying Up Treasures on Earth: Pursuing material success at the expense of spiritual growth
Living in Pleasure: Fond of luxury and sensual pleasure/gratification
Greediness / Covetousness / Envy / Jealousy
Evil Concupiscence: Longing or desire for forbidden things
Evil Eye: Having selfish motives
Extortion

LYING & STEALING

Whispering / Slander / Giving False Witness
Guile / Deceit / Sneakiness
Double-Tongued / Insincerity
Dishonesty
Defrauding / Unethical
Craftiness / Cunningness
Gossip
Purloining

FOOLISHNESS

Without Understanding / Lacking Wisdom / Presumptuous
Vain Jangling / Babbling / Idle Words: Words of no value
Foolish Talking / Jesting / Teasing: Mean-spirited talking to make others laugh
Corrupt Communications: Unprofitable or impure language
Clamor: Loud, continued noises

ANGER & HATRED

Contempt / Bitterness
Wrath / Rage / Revenge
Strife / Quarreling / Debate / Contention
Seeking Superiority
Ready to Fight / Brawling
Murder / Abortion / Suicide
Implacable: Refusing to be appeased
Despiteful / Maliciousness
Railing / Slander
Mockery / Ridicule
Malignity: Being harmful or dangerous, bad character
Backbiting: Speaking evil of those not present
Fathers Provoking Children to Wrath: Frustrating children through harsh treatment or unreasonableness
Brother Taking Legal Action Against Brother

Finally, renounce any unknown or forgotten sins. Thank your heavenly Father for cancelling the effects and consequences of these sins as they are stricken from the books. Whom the Son sets free is free indeed!

Are there any sins missing from this list? Let us know in the comments below!

Born From Above

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In John 3, Jesus introduces the concept of being born from above with a Pharisee named Nicodemus. Most modern English translations of the Bible translate John 3:7 as, “you must be born again” in reference to the new birth of a believer. The Greek word translated “again” is “anoethen” and its basic meaning is from above or from a higher place. Of the thirteen times it appears in Scripture, John 3:3 and 7 are the only times when it is translated “again” rather than “from above”. It is my conviction that Jesus was referring to a birth that only could come from heaven and not earth and His intention was to emphasize this fact. The new birth is the result of the Spirit of God coming into a person’s life and establishing a spiritual life in the midst of the natural life.

Nicodemus’ question to Jesus in verse 4 indicates that he did not understand what Jesus was saying, so Jesus explained it further. In verse 5, Jesus clarifies the issue for Nicodemus by qualifying that the natural birth is of water while the spiritual birth is of the Spirit. Then in verse 6, He makes a profound statement that is intended to bring about a new understanding of the natural birth and natural life in comparison to the spiritual birth and the spiritual life. The natural birth and life are derived from the flesh, of the earthly, while the spiritual birth comes from the Spirit of God, from above and the spiritual life is allowing the Spirit to direct our lives just as the wind blows where it wishes in verse 8.

The battle for control

Man is a trichotomous being (three parts), made up of body, soul and spirit. The body is the physical, material part, while the soul and spirit are immaterial. I don’t want to get too technical, but the soul is defined by the mind, heart, emotions, conscience, and self-consciousness (awareness of self). The human spirit is the place in man that can commune with the Holy Spirit. The human spirit died in Genesis 3 when Adam and Eve fell and it remains dead in each person until the moment of the new birth, the moment that one decides to accept Jesus as God and believe (trust) in Him for his future.

There is a battle for control of each believer as illustrated in Galatians 5:17-18, “For the flesh sets its desire against the Spirit, and the Spirit against the flesh; for these are in opposition to one another, so that you may not do the things that you please. But if you are led by the Spirit, you are not under the Law.” This “war” between the flesh (meaning the soul) and the Holy Spirit is about control. The soul wishes to be in charge and make all the important decisions while the Holy Spirit is looking for the human spirit to reign. The soul can be religious by doing what it can to live up to the Ten Commandments (the Law) and its religious requirements, but the Holy Spirit is looking to lead the believer apart from the Law. This puts God in charge.

The spirit of man

This battle between soul and spirit centers on the Word of God. In Hebrews 4:12, the Bible tells us that the Word of God is like a two-edged sword and is able to divide that which is of the soul from that which is of the spirit and is a judge (“kritikos” – critic) of the thoughts and intentions of the heart. The Word defines for us where our thoughts and intentions come from – the soul (natural man) or the spirit (from the Holy Spirit).

In the New Testament, there are three particular verses that speak to the human spirit, being referred to as the “inner man”. In Ephesians 3:16, “that He would grant you, according to the riches of His glory, to be strengthened with power through His Spirit in the inner man.” The power of God moves from the Holy Spirit into the human spirit to give the believer a life of abundance. In 2 Corinthians 4:16, “Therefore we do not lose heart, but though our outer man is decaying, yet our inner man is being renewed day by day.” This renewal is the work of the Holy Spirit within the believer as we agree with His Word and His work. And in Romans 7:22-23, “For I joyfully concur with the law of God in the inner man, but I see a different law in the members of my body, waging war against the law of my mind and making me a prisoner of the law of sin which is in my members.” The victorious life comes from the law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus who has set me free from the law of sin and death (Romans 8:2).

Tower of Babel

In John 3:13, Jesus tells us that “no one has ascended into heaven, but He who descended from heaven, the Son of Man.” The spiritual life is the result of God coming to us and not man reaching God. This is the exact mistake that the people of Babel, led by Nimrod, made in trying to “make for ourselves a name.” The tower of Babel was man’s attempt, through human effort to bridge the gap between earth and heaven. Man always tries to accomplish things, even religious matters, by human effort, without God’s help. In this way, man can take credit for his work. This is why salvation is a work of God alone and it is the Son of God that delivers salvation to man by grace from heaven to earth. No matter how good man’s efforts may be, they can never measure up to the standard God’s justice demands (Isaiah 64:6).

The old covenant provided an opening for religious man to make himself righteous through the exercise through adherence to the letter of man created or less important laws to make them appear spiritual to the masses. Jesus exposed their basic difficulty in Matthew 23:23, “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you tithe mint and dill and cummin, and have neglected the weightier provisions of the law: justice and mercy and faithfulness; but these are the things you should have done without neglecting the others.” The weightier provisions of the law represent His heart: justice and mercy and faithfulness and the Pharisees were not after His heart. The religious Jew misses the mark because he wishes to establish his own righteousness (Romans 10:3). The new covenant provides no room for self-righteousness.

Justified apart from the Law

In Romans 3:20-21, “because by the works of the Law no flesh will be justified in His sight; for through the Law comes the knowledge of sin. But now apart from the Law the righteousness of God has been manifested, being witnessed by the Law and the Prophets.” The works of the Law, human effort to maintain the laws of God apart from God, cannot satisfy God’s standards of justice. Righteousness, representing the standards of God, comes to man apart from human effort to maintain His standards. It comes by faith (“pistis” – being persuaded, having a conviction, trusting) in the person and the work of Christ. And this same opportunity to be righteous is not restricted to any particular group of people, but is offered to all in the same way, without distinction. The old covenant gives the false impression that it is the result of human effort, while the new covenant depends completely upon the work of God, Himself in Christ whom fulfills His just demands and invites those who become tired of their efforts apart from God to trust in God’s work alone.

According to John 1:12, God’s offer to become children of God is a right or privilege reserved for those who receive or accept Him strictly on the basis of faith in what God has done and not any effort associated with the will or the flesh. Being born of God means accepting the free gift of salvation on God’s terms. In 1 John 5:1-4, John writes again about this experience of being born of God and the effect it has on a believer to transform from the inside. Our faith in who Jesus is provides the vehicle God uses to bring us into the beloved (Ephesians 1:6), the place where I love and am loved and this faith also gives us the victory to overcome all the obstacles that the world throws our way.

A new heart and spirit

The prophet Ezekiel was given a vision of the new covenant relationship with God would look like in the Kingdom Age. In Ezekiel 36:25-27, Then I will sprinkle clean water on you, and you will be clean; I will cleanse you from all your filthiness and from all your idols. “Moreover, I will give you a new heart and put a new spirit within you; and I will remove the heart of stone from your flesh and give you a heart of flesh. “I will put My Spirit within you and cause you to walk in My statutes, and you will be careful to observe My ordinances.” Since Jeremiah’s original promise of the new covenant was intended for the Jews during this same period, this passage in Ezekiel also applies to believers in the New Testament age. It tells us that God is the one who makes our hearts clean and gives us a new spirit so that we will be able to walk in His statutes and be careful to observe His ordinances.

In Genesis 28, the focus of God’s plan now focuses on Jacob as the patriarch instead of his father, Isaac. Jacob leaves his father, Isaac’s house to go back to Haran to find a wife for himself with his uncle Laban. This event is the beginning of God’s focus on Jacob as the patriarch instead of Isaac, who is elderly now. After leaving Beersheba, he travels the entire day and needs to find a place to stay for the night. This is Bethel, meaning “house of God” since Jacob had a profound experience with God. God gives him a vision of a ladder going between earth and heaven, giving Jacob encouragement that God would honor him as the new patriarch in spite of his shortcomings.

Spiritual riches

This ladder, with angels ascending and descending on it is a picture of this new relationship with God that the New Covenant provides. Man is weak and continues with his sin nature after salvation, yet God is still with him in his humanity. In 2 Corinthians 4:7, Paul tells us that “we have a treasure within the earthen vessel, so that the surpassing greatness will be of God and not from ourselves.” This ladder speaks of the riches of the life that we can have with God within the earthen vessel (human weakness) so that we recognize His power and ability and rely on that instead of our own strength. Being born from above allows us to experience life in the Holy Spirit and all the benefits it provides.

Are You Adopted or Orphaned?

At the Last Supper, Jesus consoled His disciples that He would be leaving them, but would not leave them as orphans (John 14:18). He told them that the world would not see Him, but they would. He was trying to get them to see that a new relationship was in order, that they would be sons, adopted sons.

Paul reveals this principle of adoption in a number of his letters. In Romans 8:15-17, “For you have not received a spirit of slavery leading to fear again, but you have received a spirit of adoption as sons by which we cry out, “Abba! Father!” The Spirit Himself testifies with our spirit that we are children of God, and if children, heirs also, heirs of God and fellow heirs with Christ, if indeed we suffer with Him so that we may also be glorified with Him.” Although the believer is not a son by blood, adoption means he has the same rights as if a full-blooded son, including being an heir. The Aramaic word, “Abba” could be better translated “Daddy” since it means that our relationship with our heavenly Father is just like a child’s.

Father to the fatherless

God promises in Psalm 68:5, that He is a father to the fatherless and in Deuteronomy 10:18, “He executes justice for the orphan and the widow.” In fact, in the New Testament He tells believers that true religion in the sight of our God and Father is “to visit orphans and widows in their distress” (James 1:27). The Father wants believers to recognize their sonship.

In Ezekiel 28:16, Lucifer, otherwise known as Satan, was kicked out of heaven, from the mountain of God because he had an “I” problem. In Isaiah 14:13-14, “But you said in your heart, ‘I will ascend to heaven; I will raise my throne above the stars of God, and I will sit on the mount of assembly in the recesses of the north. 14 ‘I will ascend above the heights of the clouds; I will make myself like the Most High.’” Because he got too wrapped up in himself and his own beauty, he lost his sonship. He became an orphan. He now wishes everyone to believe they are orphans too. He does it by getting man to be centered on self.

There is a story about a Jewish man who wrote a letter to his rabbi because he was unhappy and needed guidance in getting his life on track. The letter read: “I need your help. I wake up every day sad and anxious. I have difficulty concentrating. I find it hard to pray. I feel that life has lost its joy and meaning. I need help.” The rabbi delivered his reply without writing a single word. Instead, the rabbi took a red pen and circled the first word of every sentence: “I.”

Godly discipline

Jeremiah writes in Lamentations 5 that the Jews in their captivity in Babylon have become like orphans and widows. In verses 1-9:

“Remember, O Lord, what has befallen us; look, and see our reproach! 2 Our inheritance has been turned over to strangers, our houses to aliens. 3 We have become orphans without a father, our mothers are like widows. 4 We have to pay for our drinking water, our wood comes to us at a price. 5 Our pursuers are at our necks; we are worn out, there is no rest for us. 6 We have submitted to Egypt and Assyria to get enough bread. 7 Our fathers sinned, and are no more; it is we who have borne their iniquities. 8 Slaves rule over us; there is no one to deliver us from their hand. 9 We get our bread at the risk of our lives because of the sword in the wilderness.”

In their estrangement from their God away from the homeland, they could not see their heavenly Father in the midst of that separation. They did not appreciate that the Father disciplines His sons.

A Father prepares His children

‘5 and you have forgotten the exhortation which is addressed to you as sons, ‘MY SON, DO NOT REGARD LIGHTLY THE DISCIPLINE OF THE LORD, NOR FAINT WHEN YOU ARE REPROVED BY HIM;

6 FOR THOSE WHOM THE LORD LOVES HE DISCIPLINES, AND HE SCOURGES EVERY SON WHOM HE RECEIVES.’ 7 It is for discipline that you endure; God deals with you as with sons; for what son is there whom his father does not discipline? 8 But if you are without discipline, of which all have become partakers, then you are illegitimate children and not sons.” (Hebrews 12:5-8)

Being disciplined by the Lord does not confirm that we are orphans, but it is the clear evidence that we are adopted sons. When life gets hard and we think that we are somehow being punished, it is most likely a lie. The discipline of the Lord is not punishment, but rather training. The Greek word translated “discipline” is paideia and it can also mean “education by training”. The Septuagint, the Greek translation of the Old Testament, uses this same Greek word when translating Proverbs 22:6: “Train up a child in the way he should go, even when he is old he will not depart from it.” God is always trying to prepare His people for the road ahead and He does it by training.

Fullness found in Christ

“4 But when the fullness of the time came, God sent forth His Son, born of a woman, born under the Law, 5 so that He might redeem those who were under the Law, that we might receive the adoption as sons. 6 Because you are sons, God has sent forth the Spirit of His Son into our hearts, crying, ‘Abba! Father!’ 7 Therefore you are no longer a slave, but a son; and if a son, then an heir through God.” (Galatians 4:4-7)

The fullness of time has come in the form of Jesus Christ. In our relationship with Him, we find our sonship.

About The Placement of Psalm 116

In this post, we will examine the placement of Psalm 116 within the corpus of the Psalter and its elucidation. Then I will explore the genre of Psalm 116 and how this can help us better understand the authorial intent of the psalmist. These areas of studying I believe will provide gravity and illumination about the purpose of this thanksgiving psalm.

The Psalter has a unique structure within the canon of Scripture. “From early times the psalms were grouped into five “books.” The exact antiquity of the fivefold division of the Psalter cannot be determined. The earliest mention of this organization in Christian literature is in Hippolytus (ca. a.d. 200).”[1] The structure of the Psalter is the following 1-41(Book I), 42-72 (Book II), 73-89 (Book III), 90-106 (Book IV) and 107-150 (Book V).  The Psalter and the Torah are comprised of five books. The Torah represents the moral guide of Israel and the Psalter represents the spiritual guide of Israel. Psalm 116 is placed in Book V of the Psalter. The arrangement of Psalm 116 was grouped and placed with the historical background of the Torah. “Book I emphasizes the themes of creation, sin and salvation, it supposedly corresponds to Genesis which prominently displays those same themes. Furthermore, because the psalms of Book II are weighted with the theme of redemption, it is said to correspond to the Book of Exodus. This arrangement connects Book III with Leviticus because of their common emphasis on the sanctuary, Book IV with Numbers because of the prominence in each of Moses and Israel’s wandering in the wilderness and Book V with Deuteronomy because of the emphasis in each on the Word of God.”[2] The placement of Psalm 116 in the Deuteronomistic portion depicts the attitude of thanksgiving the Israelites displayed in the midst of wilderness wanderings and the death of their great leader Moses. Psalm 116 resonates throughout the annals of time about having an attitude of thanksgiving.

The Elucidation of Psalm 116

Psalm 116 has been categorize as a thanksgiving psalm. The process of elucidating Psalm  116 can be found in Walter Bruegemann stages of life. Brueggeman explains there are three stages of life orientation, disorientation and new orientation. The Psalter can minister to us with songs of praise (orientation), songs of lament (disorientation) and songs of thanksgiving (new orientation). “A strong case can be made for the structural coherence of Psalm 116 as a literary unit, but there are also reasons for treating verses 1-9 independently, as the Septuagint did by dividing the poem into two psalms. As one of about a dozen thanksgiving psalms, this passage is spoken from a post-crisis perspective, but the psalm offers no real clue as to the nature of the problem(s) that prompted the poet’s “supplications.”[3] (Mead, 2015). The verses 10-19 of offer expressions of gratitude for the marvelous works displayed by YWHW.

The Genre of Psalm 116

The Psalter contains a litany of category’s that were the spiritual hymn book of the nation of Israel. The category of psalms are the following praise psalm during times of orientation, lament psalm during times of challenge and thanksgiving psalm during times of new orientation. “This hymn of thanksgiving is strikingly personal from beginning to end. Its use in this Hallel collection in connection with the main feasts probably indicates that it was associated with the payment of individual vows.”[4]

The Helpfulness of Psalm 116

The psalmist gives homage to YHWH as the supreme being. This is a important concept of giving thanksgiving to YHWH. Because the psalmist is acknowledging there is a supreme being better than the finite human being. “This is a thanksgiving psalm; it is not certain whether David penned it upon any particular occasion or upon a general review of the many gracious deliverances God had wrought for him, out of six troubles and seven, which deliverances draw from him many very lively expressions of devotion, love, and gratitude; and with similar pious affections our souls should be lifted up to God in singing it.”[5]

In conclusion, Psalm 116 provides words encouragement during the times of orientation, disorientation and new orientation. The motif of thanksgiving is needed during times of isolation, depression, unemployment, homelessness and systemic racism. Our worldview determines how we view life during times of orientation, disorientation and new orientation.  The Psalter can play integral role in helping us adapt to the uncertainties of life.


Robert Caruth Jr, a native of Peoria, accepted Christ at the age of 14. He had a penchant for learning the word of God early on in his Christian journey. This proved to be the capstone solidifying his walk with the Lord. Pastor Caruth has been married to Melanie Caruth for 35 years. This conjugal union has produced their only child Fallon who is a miracle from the Lord. Pastor Caruth earned a Bachelor of Science in Biblical Studies from Moody Bible Institute in Chicago, Illinois. He is currently finishing up his Masters Degree at Moody Theological Seminary. He serves as the teaching pastor and visionary leader of The Church of Living God Community Church in Richmond Heights, Missouri.


Bibliography

[1]  J. E. Smith,  (1996). The wisdom literature and Psalms (p. 195). Joplin, MO: College Press Co.

[2] R. Ellsworth,  (2006). Opening up Psalms (p. 10). Leominster: Day One Publications.

[3] J. Mead, (2015, September 15).  Sixteenth Day After Pentecost.  https://www.workingpreacher.org/commentaries/revised-common-lectionary/ordinary-24-2/commentary-on-psalm-1161-9-4

[4] C. F. Pfeiffer, (1962). The Wycliffe Bible Commentary: Old Testament (Ps 115:16). Chicago: Moody Press.

[5]M. Henry, (1994). Matthew Henry’s commentary on the whole Bible: complete and unabridged in one volume (p. 909). Peabody: Hendrickson.

Eternal Matters: A Believer’s Perspective

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Since the believer’s citizenship is heaven (Philippians 3:20), his highest priority is to learn how to live in a foreign land in the midst of unheavenly standards. That verse tells us that it is heaven “from which also we eagerly wait for a Savior, the Lord Jesus Christ”. It’s about not getting too comfortable with the surroundings of our temporary home. Paul gives us further perspective on our eternal home in 2 Corinthians 5:1-8 and how we live outside of eternity:

“1 For we know that if the earthly tent which is our house is torn down, we have a building from God, a house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens. 2 For indeed in this house we groan, longing to be clothed with our dwelling from heaven, 3 inasmuch as we, having put it on, will not be found naked. 4 For indeed while we are in this tent, we groan, being burdened, because we do not want to be unclothed but to be clothed, so that what is mortal will be swallowed up by life. 5 Now He who prepared us for this very purpose is God, who gave to us the Spirit as a pledge. 6 Therefore, being always of good courage, and knowing that while we are at home in the body we are absent from the Lord— 7 for we walk by faith, not by sight— 8 we are of good courage, I say, and prefer rather to be absent from the body and to be at home with the Lord. (2 Corinthians 5:1-8)

Approaching our life on earth as if we are living far from home is key to finding real spiritual success; the more connected we are to this world, the more we are disconnected from heaven. Bob Dylan says it this way, “when you ain’t got nothin’, you got nothin’ to lose.” The believer who recognizes that his future is heaven can begin to live with this ever-present reality in mind. Paul reminds us that our earthly tent is temporary and that our groanings for that permanent home are also temporary. Living in time and space and mortality does not have to define life’s quality. The Holy Spirit is our pledge to the eternal life available to us now and He is the key to walking by faith and not by sight. His leading and guidance brings us into all of the truth. Learning how to live as ambassadors (2 Corinthians 5:20) means we don’t allow our current surroundings to dictate who we represent.

To live is Christ

One’s attitude toward death helps to define which kingdom he represents. In Philippians 1:21-23, Paul writes, “For to me, to live is Christ and to die is gain. But if I am to live on in the flesh, this will mean fruitful labor for me; and I do not know which to choose. But I am hard-pressed from both directions, having the desire to depart and be with Christ, for that is very much better.” Living in Christ is directly related to the work to which we are called while in this world. It is the presentation of the gospel, that this physical life is not the end; eternal life has been purchased for all who believe. As a result, the believer takes on God’s call by taking on Jesus’s ministry. In 2 Corinthians 5:15, and He died for all, so that they who live might no longer live for themselves, but for Him who died and rose again on their behalf.” It’s all about eternal priorities.

While waiting for our heavenly home to become our current reality, we learn what it means to be a bond-servant of Christ. In Galatians 1:10, Paul realized that seeking the favor of men was not the answer. Instead, we learn to face life’s difficulties and challenges as a part of a bigger mission, that the life of the Risen Christ would be made manifest to others. In 2 Corinthians 4:8-12, “we are afflicted in every way, but not crushed; perplexed, but not despairing; persecuted, but not forsaken; struck down, but not destroyed; always carrying about in the body the dying of Jesus, so that the life of Jesus also may be manifested in our body. For we who live are constantly being delivered over to death for Jesus’ sake, so that the life of Jesus also may be manifested in our mortal flesh. So death works in us, but life in you.”

Letters of Christ

The primary source of this life as a servant is the work of the Holy Spirit, writing on human hearts so that we would become letters of Christ to the world. It is His empowerment that enables the believer to become a servant of the new covenant; it is His life and not human performance. Paul’s ministry was founded on this power as he testified in 1 Corinthians 2:3-5, “I was with you in weakness, in fear, and in much trembling. And my speech and my preaching were not with persuasive words of human wisdom, but in demonstration of the Spirit and of power, that your faith should not be in the wisdom of men but in the power of God.” Believers are directly connected to eternity by the power of God; human effort is futile. Paul tells us in 2 Corinthians 3:5-6 that we are made adequate, sufficient by this eternal power.

A young man went to study in a renowned Jewish school that emphasized character refinement. After a few days, the new student began to imitate what he saw many of the veteran students doing day after day. He sat in his chair, closed his eyes tight, and began to repeat, “I am nothing! I am nothing! I am nothing!” Upon hearing the young man chanting that phrase, an elder classman scolded him by saying, “Who do you think you are? You have to be here at least a year until you can reach the level of being nothing!”

Nothingness is eternal.